Interrogative words or question words are words which are used to ask questions. Those words include what? who? which? when? where? whom? why? whose? and how? WHAT? What is used to ask information specifying something. Examples: What time is it? ...
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Literature notes-S6-Chap VIII
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR SIX TABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT I: EUROPEAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT II: STRUCTURE IN MODERN PROSE UNIT III: ELEGY AND EPITAPH UNIT IV: LIMERICKS- RHYTHM AND RHYME UNIT V: FREE VERSE UNIT VI: THEATRE OF THE ABSURD UNIT VII: RADIO ...
Oral literature
LEARN ITOral literature refers to literature which is disseminated/transmitted or spread by word of mouth. It refers to any form of verbal art which is spread by speaking. This unwritten literature is carried in the memories of members of different communities ...
Adverbs of frequency
LEARN ITAn adverb is a word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective, adverb or phrase. It is also a word that modifies a verb, adjective, determiner, clause, preposition or sentence. Definition Adverbs of frequency are the adverbs ...
Conjugaison du verbe Avoir
LEARN ITLe verbe avoir est un verbe auxiliaire qui sert à conjuguer de la plupart des verbes aux temps composés. Le verbe avoir est un verbe transitif. Un verbe transitif est un verbe qui admet un complément d’objet. Aux temps composés, le verbe ‘avoir’ se ...
Conjugaison du verbe Etre
LEARN ITLe verbe être est un verbe auxiliaire qui sert à conjuguer certains verbes intransitifs aux temps composés. Il est aussi un verbe intransitif. Un verbe intransitif est un verbe qui n’admet pas de complément d’objet direct ou indirect. Aux temps composés, le verbe ...
Umwandiko-Bwengebuke
LEARN ITKera habayeho umugabo ahagurukana n’umwana we barongoye indogobe yabo bajya kuyigurisha. Mu nzira bagenda, baca ku bakobwa bavomaga, babaha urw’amenyo, bati: “Mbega bano bagabo, indogobe ibari imbere iridegembya, banze kuyijyaho ngo ibaheke!” Nyamugabo abyumvise, agira umuhungu arayimwuriza iramuheka. Bisunitse, baca ...
Literary device- Consonance
LEARN ITConsonance refers to the repetition of consonant sounds within words of close proximity. It is the repeating of consonant sounds within neighbouring words, phrases, or sentences. Example1 – Gatera Fabregas was tagged in Agnes’s ...
Umwandiko-Urukwavu n’umuhari
LEARN ITUrukwavu rwuzuye n’umuhari. Bukeye rurawubwira ruti: “Ngwino twihingire umurima, tuwuteremo ibigori n’urutoke”. Umuhari uremera ariko ubwira urukwavu uti: “Ko ntazi kurira insina, urutoke nirwera imineke nzayimanura nte?” Urukwavu ruti: “Ndi umuhanga wo kurira; ibitoke nibikomera nzajya mbimanura”. Nuko biherako bihinga ...
Ibisakuzo XII
LEARN ITSakwe Sakwe… ! Soma! Naba aha nakugeta=Imbaragasa Nabonye umugenzi ku nziga ebyiri = Igare Nabonye umugenzi urara agenda=Umugezi Nabusobeka ntiwabusobanura=Amata n’amatezano Nabyaye abana ariko ntiwamenya imfura muri bo=Amafundi Nabyaye umwana, ariko mu bandi bana niwe ...
Umwandiko-Urwango rw’injangwe n’imbeba
LEARN ITInjangwe n’imbeba byaruzuraga, bikaganira, bigakina, bigasangira akabisi n’agahiye. Imbeba igasigara ku rugo, injangwe ikajya guhiga. Imbeba yacukuraga umwobo mu miganda y’inzu; ariko injangwe ntimenye impamvu mugenzi wayo acukura uwo mwobo. Umunsi umwe bijya inama, byiyemeza kwiba ikimasa. Birakunyarukira nijoro, bizana ...
Umwandiko-Petero Nzukira I
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe, Petero Nzukira yari yiriwe atemera ibishyimbo mu ishyamba. Yari yakoze ataruhuka, kuva mu gitondo cy’urwanaga kugera mu mataha y’inka. Akabwibwi kagiye gukwira ageze imuhira, asanga ibiryo bitarahwana, atangira kuvumagura umugore, ngo ni umunebwe. Umugore aramuhindukirana ati: “Mbese Petero ...
Umwandiko-Petero Nzukira II
LEARN ITAriko rero Petero ntiyashoboraga kuguma hejuru aragiye inyana, kuko yagombaga kugemurira umugore we. Ni ko kuzirika umurunga ukomeye mu ijosi rya Sine, awumenesha igisenge, utunguka mu nzu imbere. Hanyuma aramanuka, azirika wa murunga ku kuguru, aribwira ati: “Ni uko! Inka ...
Literary device – Antithesis
LEARN ITAntithesis means “opposite”. As a literary device, it is used to put two contrasting ideas together. Antithesis is a figure of speech that refers to the juxtaposition of opposing or contrasting ideas. This figure of speech juxtaposes two contrasting or ...
Umwandiko-Joriji Baneti II
LEARN ITWa mubyeyi abonye ko umuhungu we amukurikiye, aramukomera, ati: «Uragwa hehe Joriji we? Pfa gusiga ushitse urugi wa cyontazi we!» Nuko Baneti arakimirana n’imuhira, agira rwa rugi arushikanuza ku muryango, aruterera ku mutwe, akurikira nyina. Undi asubije amaso inyuma, abona ...
Umugani-Ruhinyuza
LEARN ITNgiye kubacira umugani wa Ruhinyuza rwahinyuje Imana. Umugabo yarihoreye ajya kwiba, asanga umugore nyiri urugo yabyaye, baryamye, basinziriye. Asanga Imana iri mu gutuka umwana, imubwira iti: “Mwana wanjye uravutse, ariko uzicwa n’ihembe ry’ inzovu.” Umugabo nyiri ukwiba arumva, ati: “Imana ...
Umwandiko-Isega n’imbwa
LEARN ITIsega inanutse yabonye imbwa ibyibushye irayibaza, iti: « Ko nduzi ubyibushye wabyibuhijwe n’iki, ko jyewe nabuze ikintunga? » Imbwa irayisubiza iti: «Aho mba haba ibyo kurya byinshi, umurimo wanjye ni ukurinda ibisambo, kandi databuja arankunda cyane; nunkurikira ndajya kugusabira ibiryo. ...
What is Literature ?
LEARN ITLiterature, as a term, etymologically comes from Latin “litaritura/litteratura” which means “writing formed with letters”. “Litteratura” also comes from “litera/littera” which signifies “letter or handwriting”. The term was used to refer to all written accounts. The concept has changed meaning over ...
What is ICT – Information and Communication Technology?
LEARN ITICT is an acronym for Information and Communication Technology. It refers to the infrastructure and all components that all together; enable the production, storing, duplication, processing, transmission, converting, and reception of electronic or digital information. This means that ICT includes ...
Umugani-Karyamyenda
LEARN ITHabayeho umuntu agakunda kurya imyenda. Umunsi umwe, asanga ingwe yiyiciye ihene, arayibwira, ati: “Jyewe mfite ihene nyinshi, mpa akanyama, nanjye nzakwishyura.” Ingwe ntiyashidikanya, ndetse imuha uruhande rwose. Undi munsi ajya mu rufunzo hafi y’uruzi guhambira imiganda y’inkorogoto, ahageze ahasanga ingona ...
Literary device- Ambiguity
LEARN ITAmbiguity is when a word, phrase, or statement contains more than one meaning. It occurs when something can have more than one interpretation, explanation or meaning. Ambiguity is when the meaning of a word, phrase, or sentence is uncertain. Examples ...
Umwandiko-Intare n’imbeba
LEARN ITIntare yarihoreye yiryamira mu ndiri yayo. Imbeba ziraza zigumya kuyikina iruhande. Imwe muri zo yurira ibuye ryari hejuru y’intare, irihanuka hejuru yitura hasi, ikangura intare. Intare ikangutse ifata akaguru k’imbeba. Imbeba yumvise ko intare iyifashe, irayibwira iti: “Ndagusaba imbabazi. Singukanguye ...
Umwandiko-Uruyongoyongo
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe uruyongoyongo rwarakugendeye ruraritse urunwa n’urujosi ruza kugera ku nkombe y’uruzi. Rurabukwa ifi ebyiri mu mazi hafi y’inkombe y’uruzi. Ruba rwarazifashe iyo rubishaka, ariko kubera rwari rutarasonza ruriraramira. Hashize umwanya, akayara kararushikura. Haza kuza agafi gatoya, uruyongoyongo rwanga kugafata! ...
Umwandiko-Umuyaga n’izuba
LEARN ITUmuyaga n’izuba byajyaga bitongana iminsi yose, kimwe kikabwira ikindi ko kikirusha amaboko. Bukeye bibona umuntu wihitira. Umuyaga uti: “Ngiye kumwambura iriya kanzu ye, nandusha imbaraga wowe ugashobora kuyimwambura, ndemera ko nawe uzindusha.” Izuba riremera. Umuyaga urahuha cyane, ugerageza kuyimwambura. Wa ...
Literature in English Notes-Senior Four
LEARN ITLiterature in English Notes-Senior Four includes the notes that will enable the learners to understand well Literature in English. By using these notes, they will be familiar with analyzing different literary works of prose, poetry, and drama. The notes were ...
Umwandiko-Imbeba y’inyamerwe
LEARN ITImbeba yakuviriye mu mwobo itangira kuzerera ishaka icyo yarya. Iribwira iti: “Nzi ubwenge, no kunshuka biragoye, kuko nizera bake. Nta we ushobora kumfata.” Yikoza hirya, yikoza hino; izerera inzu yose ariko iheba icyo yicisha isari. Inyarukira mu kigega, ihingukira kuri ...
Literature notes-S3-Chap VI
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR THREE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: REVIEW OF KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: PLOT DEVELOPMENT UNIT III: TONE, ATMOSPHERE AND PURPOSE UNIT IV: TYPES OF POETRY AND POEMS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: CONTEXT AND PLOT DEVELOPMENT ...
Literary device- Onomatopoeia
LEARN ITThe word onomatopoeia comes from two Greek words: onoma, meaning “name,” and poiein, meaning “to make”, so onomatopoeia means “to make a name/or a sound”. Onomatopoeia as a literary device includes words that imitate, resemble or suggest the sound of the things they ...
Umwandiko-Impyisi n’urukwavu
LEARN ITImpyisi yashakaga umugabo mwiza. Umunsi umwe irakugendera ibwira izindi nyamaswa byabanaga iti: “Ndashaka nanjye gusabwa.” Izisaba no kuzayishakira umusore uzayisaba. Bukeye Bakame irakuzira ibwira ya mpyisi iti: “Nakuboneye umusore mwiza cyane.”, iti: “Ndetse ni umwami, ategeka ibihugu byinshi cyane.” Impyisi ...
Umwandiko-Ikinyabupfura mu ishuri
LEARN ITUmunyeshuri warezwe neza usanga anogeye bose, kuko bamusangana ingiro n’imvugo bishimishije. Usanga yubaha abakuru, abana neza n’urungano n’abamugwa mu ntege. Mbese imyifatire ye ari ntamakemwa. Mu ishuri, iyo amaze gusuhuza Mwalimu, amutega amatwi, akumva ibyo amwigisha, maze akayora atyo ubwenge ...
Third Generation Computers: Integrated Circuit technology
LEARN IT
The computers of third generation used the electrical components known as integrated circuits (IC’s) in place of transistors. The development of IC technology was the hallmark of third generation computers. A single IC has many transistors, resistors and capacitors along ...
Countable vs Uncountable nouns
LEARN ITA noun is the name of something. For example: milk, mango, meat, pen, water, food… Some nouns can be counted, whereas others cannot be counted. So, we have countable and uncountable nouns. Countable nouns Countable nouns are the names of ...
Utwatuzo
LEARN ITInshoza Utwatuzo ni utumenyeto tutari inyuguti ariko dukoreshwa mu nteruro kugira ngo usoma cyangwa uvuga aruhuke cyangwa se yerekane ubwoko bwayo. Utwatuzo dushobora gusoza interuro cyangwa se tugakoreshwa hagati mu nteruro. Utwatuzo dusoza interuro ni akabago, akabazo n’agatangaro mu gihe ...
Literature notes-S3-Chap VII
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR THREE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: REVIEW OF KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: PLOT DEVELOPMENT UNIT III: TONE, ATMOSPHERE AND PURPOSE UNIT IV: TYPES OF POETRY AND POEMS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: CONTEXT AND PLOT DEVELOPMENT ...
What is the use of ICT?
LEARN ITYou may have heard someone saying that he/she doesn’t understand why different countries invest in ICT. In this century, many companies, organizations; either public or private have focused on Information and Communication Technology. Why? That’s because ICT plays a great ...
Umwandiko-Joriji Baneti I
LEARN ITKera hariho umwana w’ikizeze, akitwa Joriji Baneti. Umunsi umwe, nyina amwohereza kumugurira inshinge ku isoko. Umwana aragenda, amaze kuzigura, agaruka azipfumbase mu gipfunsi. Ageze mu nzira, abona inyoni yafashwe n’umushibuka iruhande rw’ikirundo cy’ibyatsi byumye. Ariyamirira ati: «Yoo! Mbega inyoni nziza! ...
Umwandiko-Inzoka n’igikeri
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe, inzoka yagiye gushaka icyo irya iraheba. Ihindukiye isanga igikeri mu iriba. Irakibwira iti: «Nzanira amazi yo kunywa.» Igikeri kirayisubiza kiti: «Simfite ikibindi cyo kuvomesha.» Inzoka iti: «Pfa kuzamukayo akuri mu nda aramara inyota.» Igikeri kiratekereza, hashize akanya gato, ...
Umugani-Ngunda III
LEARN ITNgunda ageze imuhira, asanga umugore, umukobwa wa Gacumu, yabyaye. Nuko Ngunda atera kwa Gacumu kwaka ibihembo. Aragenda abwira Gacumu ati: “Umukobwa wawe yarabyaye, nimumuhembe” Maze yungamo ati: “Ndabona yagirwa na biriya bigega byombi.” Ibyo bigega bikaba binini cyane. Barabimuha, bagira ...
Literature notes-S1-Chap IV
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR ONE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY GENRES: FICTION AND NON-FICTION UNIT II: INTRODUCTION TO PROSE: PLOT, SETTING & CHARACTERS UNIT III: INTRODUCTION TO POETRY UNIT IV: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN POETRY UNIT V: LANGUAGE USE ...
Umugani-Ngunda II
LEARN ITNgunda aba aho, aba iciro ry’imigani. Rimwe amaze guhaga ariyumvira ati: « harya ngo mu Rwanda nta muntu wahwanya na njye kurya ? Emwe ni koko. Dore nawe ibi biryo byose maze mu mwanya muto. Nyamara byatetswe mu minsi itandatu. ...
Kinyarwanda Notes for Secondary Schools
LEARN ITDownload Kinyarwanda notes for educational purposes. S1 Kinyarwanda Notes 2021 by Gasana Alexandre S1 Kinyarwanda Notes 2022 by Gasana Alexandre S3 Kinyarwanda Notes by Uknown S4 Kinyarwanda Notes by Iyamuremye Alexis S4 Kinyarwanda Notes by Uwiteto Théonille S5 Kinyarwanda Notes ...
What is a fairy tale?
LEARN IT> It is a story about magic and legendary deeds. > It is a children’s story involving magical events, imaginary creatures, and lands. > It is a story usually for children, about dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, witches, giants, or other ...
Umwandiko-Umugani w’ubushwiriri
LEARN ITUbushwiriri bwari bufite se, yarabubyaye ari butandatu, hanyuma arapfa. Umunsi umwe, bwigira inama buti: “Tujye guhakirwa inka.” Ubushwiriri bujya guhakwa. Bumaze kugabana inka imwe, burataha. Busohoye bujya inama buti: “Turye iyi nka, nitumara kuyirya dusubire kwa databuja, aduhe indi. ” ...
Characteristics of a computer
LEARN IT
A computer is an electronic device that is widely used in this World of technology. Though humans are more intelligent than computers, many of the activities from business to space exploration are now carried out with the help of computers. ...
Literary device – Alliteration
LEARN ITAlliteration refers to the repetition of initial consonant sounds in two or neighbouring words. It is the repeating of the same consonant sounds at the beginning of words. This means that alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning ...
The use of “Going To
LEARN ITa. We use “going to” to express something which is going to happen in the near future. Examples: I am going to participate in a competition. Where are you going to go? They aren’t going to enjoy the party. b. ...
Umwandiko-Isha n’inzovu
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe isha yaganiraga n’izindi nyamaswa, nuko iza kuzibwira, iti: « Aho mwari muzi ko naguze ya nzovu nini muzi, none ikaba inkorera? » Impongo yumvise ayo magambo iratangara cyane, iti : ” Ni uko uvuze ? Sigaho kutubeshya ! ...
Atmosphere/mood
LEARN ITAtmosphere/mood is the feeling that a story evokes. This is how you feel after reading a story. Atmosphere refers to the emotions invoked/applied in the reader as he/she reads a piece of writing. It is also the feeling, emotion, or ...